Avaliação dos impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos em usinas sucroenergéticos de Minas Gerais
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Data
2019-07
Autores
Orientador
Feil, Alexandre André
Banca
Dalmoro, Marlon
Sindelar, Fernanda Cristina Wiebusch
Silva, Enoque Perreira Da
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Resumo
A produção sucroenergética na Região Noroeste de Minas gerais, vem se intensificando a partir da década de 1990, principalmente depois que a agricultura de precisão possibilitou ao solo de cerrado uma produção agrícola capaz de atender às demandas do agronegócio. Contudo este desenvolvimento não está livre de danos ambientais. Neste sentido, este estudo objetivou mensurar e avaliar os impactos ambientais causados pelas usinas sucroenergéticas da região, procurando identificar os pontos positivos e negativos, assim como as possíveis medidas mitigadoras que podem ser implantadas para amenizar estes impactos. A metodologia empregou os estudos de casos múltiplos, visitas a campo, questionário e entrevistas. Os estudos foram realizados nas cinco usinas localizadas entre os municípios de João Pinheiro e Paracatu, através de visitas para conhecimento de todo o processo produtivo, desde o plantio até à comercialização. Os principais resultados apresentados foram mensurados através das matrizes de interação, sendo ponderados nos estudos de caso. Numa análise conjunta, observou-se que a atividade mais impactante está relacionada ao uso de agrotóxicos e fertilizantes químicos. A geração de resíduos, ficou amenizada pela transformação em nutrientes para o solo e energia. Todavia a geração de emprego e renda foi um fator importante para desenvolvimento da região. Nesses parâmetros, conclui-se que houve impactos positivos nos meios social e econômico, o que não exclui a dimensão dos impactos negativos causados ao meio ambiente.
The sugar-energy production in the North West region at Minas Gerais has been intensifying since the 1990s, after the the precision agriculture allowed to the soil of cerrado na agricultural production capable of attending to the demands of agrobusiness. In this sense, this study aimed to measure and evaluate the impacts caused by sugar-energy mills of the region, seeking to identify the positive and negative points, as well as the possible mitigating measures that can be implemented to soften these impacts. The methodology employed multiple case studies, field visits, questionnaires and interviews. The studies were carried out in the five plants located between the municipalities of João Pinheiro and Paracatu, through visits for the knowledge of the entire production process, from planting to commercialization. The main results were presented through interaction matrices, being weighted in the case studies. In a joing analysis, it was observed that the most impacting activity is related to the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. The generation of residues was soften by the transformation into nutrientes for the soil and energy. However the generation of employment and income was an important fator for the development of of the region. In there parameters, it is concluded that besides the negative impacts caused to the environment, one must evaluate the positive impacts demonstrated in the social and economic environments.
The sugar-energy production in the North West region at Minas Gerais has been intensifying since the 1990s, after the the precision agriculture allowed to the soil of cerrado na agricultural production capable of attending to the demands of agrobusiness. In this sense, this study aimed to measure and evaluate the impacts caused by sugar-energy mills of the region, seeking to identify the positive and negative points, as well as the possible mitigating measures that can be implemented to soften these impacts. The methodology employed multiple case studies, field visits, questionnaires and interviews. The studies were carried out in the five plants located between the municipalities of João Pinheiro and Paracatu, through visits for the knowledge of the entire production process, from planting to commercialization. The main results were presented through interaction matrices, being weighted in the case studies. In a joing analysis, it was observed that the most impacting activity is related to the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. The generation of residues was soften by the transformation into nutrientes for the soil and energy. However the generation of employment and income was an important fator for the development of of the region. In there parameters, it is concluded that besides the negative impacts caused to the environment, one must evaluate the positive impacts demonstrated in the social and economic environments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana de açúcar; Impactos sociais; Impactos econômicos; Usinas sucroenergéticas; Impactos ambientais; Sugarcane; Economic impacts; Sugar-energy plants; Environment impacts; Social impacts
Citação
CORREA, William. Avaliação dos impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos em usinas sucroenergéticos de Minas Gerais. 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Sistemas Ambientais Sustentáveis, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 24 jul. 2019. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2901.